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[[File:Istanbul TWR.jpg|thumb|Istanbul Airport ATC Tower]]
[[File:Istanbul TWR.jpg|thumb|Istanbul Airport ATC Tower]]
Istanbul Airport (IATA: IST, ICAO: LTFM) is the biggest airport in Turkiye. Located in north west of Istanbul, the airport is the busiest and biggest airport in Europe as per 2022 statistics of EuroControl<ref>https://www.eurocontrol.int/publication/eurocontrol-comprehensive-aviation-assessment-archive-2022</ref>. The airport has 5 runways, fuel farm, dedicated cargo area consisting of 5 apron (29 heavy stands), several warehouses and facilities (biggest one being Turkish Cargo followed by DHL and UPS), and is home to world's biggest airport terminal (under one roof).  
Istanbul Airport (IATA: IST, ICAO: LTFM) is the biggest airport in Turkiye. Located in north west of Istanbul, the airport is the busiest and biggest airport in Europe as per 2022 statistics of EuroControl<ref>https://www.eurocontrol.int/publication/eurocontrol-comprehensive-aviation-assessment-archive-2022</ref>. The airport has 6 runways<ref>Runway 09 is operational (since 18.09.2026)</ref>, fuel farm, dedicated cargo area consisting of 5 apron (29 heavy stands), several warehouses and facilities (biggest one being Turkish Cargo followed by DHL and UPS), and is home to world's biggest airport terminal (under one roof).  


The airport has not been completed. As of January 2023, only Phase 1a and 1b is finished. The final phase of the airport includes 8 runways, 2 terminals with 1 satellite terminal with up to 200 million passenger/year capacity.   
The airport has not been completed. As of September 2026, Phase 1a, 1b and 2 is finished. The final phase of the airport includes 8 runways, 2 terminals with 1 satellite terminal with up to 200 million passenger/year capacity.   
[[File:Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout.png|thumb|Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout]]
[[File:LTFM COMPLETE.png|thumb|Istanbul Airport Complete Plan]]


== Sceneries ==
== Sceneries ==
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|Aerosoft
|Aerosoft
|https://secure.simmarket.com/aerosoft-airport-istanbul-x-plane-11.phtml
|https://secure.simmarket.com/aerosoft-airport-istanbul-x-plane-11.phtml
|-
|X-Plane 12
|Aerosoft
|Aerosoft
|https://store.x-plane.org/Airport-Istanbul-XP_p_1443.html
|-
|-
|Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020
|Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020
Line 31: Line 36:
OR
OR
https://secure.simmarket.com/scenerytr-istanbul-airport-ltfm_msfs.phtml
https://secure.simmarket.com/scenerytr-istanbul-airport-ltfm_msfs.phtml
|-
|Microsoft Flight Simulator 2024
|SceneryTR
|SimMarket
|https://secure.simmarket.com/scenerytr-istanbul-airport-ltfm_msfs-(de_16986).phtml
|}
|}


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|-
|-
|When RWYCC is reported at least 5 for any each runway third
|When RWYCC is reported at least 5 for any each runway third
(worse than dry, low braking  
(worse than dry, low braking)
|5 KT (included)
|5 KT (included)
|}
|}
Line 106: Line 116:


=== STARs ===
=== STARs ===
The STARs at Istanbul airport are designed to be ambiguous between the active runways. For instance, if northern config is active, RILEX2A STAR will end at '''IMREN''' waypoint, and '''IMREN''' is ''IAF'' (Initial Approach Fix) for all approach procedures for all northern runways. This means, whether you land at 34L, 35R or 36 (when north config is active), you still use the same STAR procedure for all runways. You can find the STAR designator table on the next page.
The STARs at Istanbul airport are designed to be ambiguous between the active runways. For instance, if northern config is active, RILEX1A STAR will end at '''IMREN''' waypoint, and '''IMREN''' is ''IAF'' (Initial Approach Fix) for all approach procedures for all northern runways. This means, whether you land at 34L, 35R or 36 (when north config is active), you still use the same STAR procedure for all runways. You can find the STAR designator table on the next page.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Active Runway Configuration
!Active Runway Configuration
|-
|-
|''North'' Configuration uses the following STAR identifiers.
!North Config
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Type
!Type
Line 117: Line 129:
|Standard
|Standard
(uses default Arc)
(uses default Arc)
|2A
|1A
|-
|Alternative*
(no Arc usage)
 
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to RILEX, RIXEN, NUGBA and KANQO STARs''
|1C
|-
|-
|Alternative*
|Alternative*
(uses opposite Arc)  
(uses opposite Arc)  


<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to DRAMO and INBET STARs''
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to INBET, SISPI, DRAMO and INBET STARs''
|2N
|1N
|-
|-
|Alternative*
|Alternative*
(uses same Arc as 2A (if original Arc is West, still uses the West Arc) but from opposite entry)  
(uses same Arc as 1A (if original Arc is West, still uses the West Arc) but from opposite entry)  


<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to DRAMO and INBET STARs''
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''only applicable to ERSEN and AYTEK STARs''
|2Q
|1Q
|}
|}<nowiki>*</nowiki>Alternative: Only used by ATC.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Alternative: Only used by ATC.
|-
!South Config
|-
|-
|''South'' Configuration uses the following STAR identifiers.
|
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Type
!Type
Line 140: Line 159:
|Standard
|Standard
(uses default Arc)
(uses default Arc)
|2B
|1B
|-
|Alternative*
(no Arc usage)
 
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to SISPI, INBET and DRAMO STARs''
|1M
|-
|Alternative*
(no Arc usage - opposite side of 1M arrival)
 
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''only applicable to RIXEN STAR''
|1W
|-
|-
|Alternative*
|Alternative*
(uses opposite Arc)  
(uses opposite Arc)  


<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to RILEX STARs''
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to AYTEK, RILEX, NUGBA and KANQO  STARs''
|2P
|1P
|-
|-
|Alternative*
|Alternative*
(uses same Arc as 2B (if original Arc is West, still uses the West Arc) but from opposite entry)  
(uses same Arc as 1B (if original Arc is West, still uses the West Arc) but from opposite entry)  


<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to RILEX, RIXEN, SISPI STARs''
<nowiki>*</nowiki>''not applicable to RILEX, RIXEN, NUGBA, KANQO, SISPI, INBET and DRAMO STARs''
|2R
|1R
|}
|}<nowiki>*</nowiki>Alternative: Only used by ATC.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Alternative: Only used by ATC.
|}
|}
As Istanbul Airport utilizes multiple configurations depending on traffic, weather, congestion, NOTAMs etc. You might be cleared to a different STAR compared to another traffic that is flying exactly the same route as you. Default designators for northern config (34/35/36) is 2A and default designator for southern configuration (16/17/18) is 2B. These STARs keep the traffic arriving west to use the west PMS and traffic arriving from east to use the east PMS. 2N and 2P STARs are designed to ease the workload of a PMS, by making the traffic to use the opposite PMS (traffic arriving from west to use the east PMS or to enter PMS from north instead of south at different altitude e.g).
As Istanbul Airport utilizes multiple configurations depending on traffic, weather, congestion, NOTAMs etc. You might be cleared to a different STAR compared to another traffic that is flying exactly the same route as you. Default designators for northern config (34/35/36) is 1A and default designator for southern configuration (16/17/18) is 1B. These STARs keep the traffic arriving west to use the west PMS and traffic arriving from east to use the east PMS. 1N and 1P STARs are designed to ease the workload of a PMS, by making the traffic to use the opposite PMS (traffic arriving from west to use the east PMS or to enter PMS from north instead of south at different altitude e.g).


==== North Config ====
==== North Config ====
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:ATPIX2A ERSEN-RIXEN2N.png|ATPIX 2A, ERSEN 2N and RIXEN 2N
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 07 en.png|'''RIXEN 1N''', '''NUGBA 1D''', '''ERSEN 1Q''' and '''KANQO 1A''' arrivals
File:ATPIX2N.png| ATPIX 2N
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 08 en.png|'''ERSEN 1C''', '''SISPI 1C''', '''ERSEN 1A''' and '''SISPI 1A''' arrivals
File:DRAMO2A INBET2A.png|DRAMO 2A and INBET 2A
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 09 en.png|'''AYTEK 1Q''', '''DRAMO 1A''', '''INBET 1A''', '''AYTEK 1C''', '''DRAMO 1C''' and '''INBET 1C''' arrivals
File:ERSEN2A SISPI2A.png|ERSEN 2A and SISPI 2A
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 10 en.png|'''AYTEK 1A''', '''RILEX 1A''' and '''RIXEN 1A''' arrivals
File:RILEX2A RIXEN2A.png|RILEX 2A and RIXEN 2A
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 11 en.png|'''NUGBA 1N''' and '''KANQO 1N''' arrivals
File:RILEX2N.png|RILEX 2N
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 12 en.png|'''AYTEK 1N''' and '''RILEX 1N''' arrivals
</gallery>
</gallery>


==== South Config ====
==== South Config ====
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:DRAMO-INBET2B 2P.png|DRAMO 2B, 2P and INBET 2B, 2P
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 01 en.png|'''RIXEN 1P''', '''NUGBA 1E''', '''KANQO 1B''' and '''ERSEN 1R''' arrivals
File:ERSEN SISPI2B.png|ERSEN 2B and SISPI 2B
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 02 en.png|'''ERSEN 1B''' and '''SISPI 1B''' arrivals
File:ERSEN SISPI2P.png|ERSEN 2P and SISPI 2P
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 03 en.png|'''DRAMO 1P''' and '''INBET 1P''' arrivals
File:RILEX RIXEN2B.png|RILEX 2B and RIXEN 2B
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 04 en.png|'''AYTEK 1R''', '''DRAMO 1B''' and '''INBET 1B''' arrivals
File:RIXEN2P ATPIX2B.png|RIXEN 2P and ATPIX 2B
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 05 en.png|'''AYTEK 1B''', '''RILEX 1B''' and '''RIXEN 1B''' arrivals
</gallery>[[File:Image.png|thumb|ILS-X 35R Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)|335x335px]]
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 06 en.png|'''ERSEN 1P''' and '''SISPI 1P''' arrivals
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 13 en.png|'''AYTEK 1M''', '''RILEX 1M''' and '''RIXEN 1M''' arrivals
File:LT AD 2 LTFM STAR 14 en.png|'''RIXEN 1W''', '''NUGBA 1M''', '''KANQO 1M''' and '''ERSEN 1M''' arrivals
</gallery>
[[File:NORTH TRS1.png|thumb|335x335px|ILS-Z North Config Approach (showing IMREN, SADIK and NEWPE transitions)]]
 
=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition'''. For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''DIVDI''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''If ATC clears the traffic for ILS-X 35R via IMREN transition, it is pilot's responsibility to fly ILS-X approach via IMREN transition'''. Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically. You can see an example of how ILS-X and ILS-Z transition differs from the pictures (you can see they are both laterally and vertically different).[[File:ILS-Z 35R TRANSITION2.png|thumb|ILS-Z Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)|335x335px]]
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition'''. For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'' and ''NEWPE'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''ULQAL'' and ''GAZGE''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go  
[[File:SOUTH TRS1.png|thumb|335x335px|ILS-Z South Config Approach (showing INSTA, ULQAL and GAZGE transitions)]]around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''Each pilot is responsible for selecting and flying the correct transition whether ATC is online or not.''' Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically.
== Ground Layout ==
== Ground Layout ==
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM ADC en 2022-08-11.png|center|thumb|900x900px|LTFM Aerodrome Chart]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM ADC en-1.png|center|thumb|900x900px|LTFM Aerodrome Chart<ref>September 2026</ref>]]


=== Main Passenger Terminal and Terminal Contact Apron ===
=== Main Passenger Terminal and Terminal Contact Apron ===
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM PRKG 01 en 2022-08-11.png|thumb|Main Passenger Terminal and Terminal Contact Apron]]Passenger terminal at Istanbul Airport both house international and domestic traffic. The gates are split into piers and identifiers.  
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM PRKG 01 en-1.png|thumb|Main Passenger Terminal and Terminal Contact Apron<ref>September 2026</ref>]]
Passenger terminal at Istanbul Airport both house international and domestic traffic. The gates are split into piers and identifiers.  
[[File:IST airport terminal layout departures.png|thumb|Terminal split showing international and domestic areas]]  
[[File:IST airport terminal layout departures.png|thumb|Terminal split showing international and domestic areas]]  
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 265: Line 302:
Each gate/stand in Istanbul Airport has published standard and alternative pushback procedure. These procedures increase efficiency of the aprons, gates, ground movements and streamline the traffic flow through out the airport. You might see abbreviations such as '''PSN'''. There are "Pushback Positions" which act as point where aircraft should pushback to.
Each gate/stand in Istanbul Airport has published standard and alternative pushback procedure. These procedures increase efficiency of the aprons, gates, ground movements and streamline the traffic flow through out the airport. You might see abbreviations such as '''PSN'''. There are "Pushback Positions" which act as point where aircraft should pushback to.
[[File:Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative|388x388px]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard]]


Line 2,078: Line 2,115:
| -3*
| -3*
|36/18
|36/18
|-
| -4*
|09
|}
|}
As it can be seen, -1* routes are for runways 34L/16R, -2* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R) and -3* routes are for 36/18 runway. The different colors on the charts represent the taxi speed for that taxiway. Next section shows the taxi speeds for the airport.
As it can be seen, '''-1'''* routes are for runways 34L/16R, '''-2'''* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R), '''-3'''* routes are for 36/18 runways, and '''-4'''* routes are for runway 09. The different colors on the charts represent the taxi speed for that taxiway. The next section shows the taxi speeds for the airport.


==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====
==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====
Line 2,091: Line 2,131:
|-
|-
|1A
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 34L shall cross 34R and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 34L shall cross 34R and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold short of NW taxiway.
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
Line 2,099: Line 2,139:
|-
|-
|1A
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 16R, shall cross 16L and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 16R, shall cross 16L and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold short of NW taxiway.
|}
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="666" style="text-align:center">
<gallery widths="480" heights="666" style="text-align:center">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 01 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 34L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 01.png|<big>RWY 34L</big>
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 02 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 16R
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 02.png|<big>RWY 16R</big>
</gallery>
</gallery>


Line 2,118: Line 2,158:
|-
|-
|2B
|2B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5 and hold short of T9 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2C
|2C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1 and hold short of T7 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2D
|2D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1, D, B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2E
|2E
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3, F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |RWY 17L
! colspan="2" |RWY 17L
Line 2,135: Line 2,175:
|-
|-
|2A
|2A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5 and T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5, T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2B
|2B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5 and T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5 and hold short of T9 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2C
|2C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1 and hold short of T7 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2D
|2D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1, D, B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|-
|2E
|2E
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3, F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|}
|}
<gallery widths="460" heights="688" style="text-align:center">
<gallery widths="460" heights="688" style="text-align:center">
Line 2,153: Line 2,193:
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 04 en 2022-04-21.png|RWY 17L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 04 en 2022-04-21.png|RWY 17L
</gallery>
</gallery>
===== ARR 3A, ARR 3B, ARR 3C, ARR 3D =====
===== ARR 3A, ARR 3B, ARR 3C, ARR 3D, ARR 3E =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 36
! colspan="2" |RWY 36
Line 2,161: Line 2,201:
|-
|-
|3A
|3A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4 and T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4 and hold short of T3 taxiway.
|-
|-
|3B
|3B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4 and T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4, T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|-
|3C
|3C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N2, F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
|-
|3D
|3D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4, D, B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|3E
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N2 and hold short of T5 taxiway.
|}[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 05 en 2022-03-24.png|thumb|567x567px|Arrival taxi routes for RWY 36|center]]
|}[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 05 en 2022-03-24.png|thumb|567x567px|Arrival taxi routes for RWY 36|center]]


Line 2,181: Line 2,224:
|-
|-
|3F
|3F
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G, N2, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G, N2, D, B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|-
|3G
|3G
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G and N4 and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G, N4 and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
|-
|3H
|3H
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiway F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiway F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 06 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|652x652px|Arrival taxi routes ARR 3F, ARR 3G, ARR 3H for RWY 18]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 06 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|652x652px|Arrival taxi routes ARR 3F, ARR 3G, ARR 3H for RWY 18]]
Line 2,193: Line 2,236:
==== Departure Taxi Routes ====
==== Departure Taxi Routes ====


===== DEP 1A =====
===== DEP 1A, DEP 1B =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 34L
! colspan="2" |RWY 34L & 34R
|-
|-
!Procedure
!Procedure
Line 2,201: Line 2,244:
|-
|-
|1A
|1A
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, E1D, A1 and A1B taxiways and hold short of RWY 34R
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, E1D, A1, A1B taxiways and hold short of RWY 34R.
|-
|1B
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, D, B, E1A, E1, A1, A1B taxiways and hold short of RWY 34R.
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 07 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|626x626px|DEP 1A taxi route for RWY 34L]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 07 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|626x626px|DEP 1A & DEP 1B taxi route for RWY 34L and 34R]]


===== DEP 1F =====
===== DEP 1F, DEP 1G =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R & 16L
|-
|-
!Procedure
!Procedure
Line 2,213: Line 2,259:
|-
|-
|1F
|1F
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, A7, A and A10B taxiways and hold short of RWY 16L
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, A7, A, A10B taxiways and hold short of RWY 16L.
|-
|1G
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, D, B, E1D, A1, A, A10B taxiways and hold short of RWY 16L.
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 08 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 1F taxi route for RWY 16R]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 08 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 1F & DEP 1G taxi route for RWY 16R & 16L]]


===== DEP 2A, DEP 2B, DEP 2C =====
===== DEP 2A, DEP 2B, DEP 2D =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 35L
! colspan="2" |RWY 35L
Line 2,225: Line 2,274:
|-
|-
|2A
|2A
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B and B4A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35L
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, B4A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35L.
|-
|2B
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, C, C5A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R.
|-
|2C
|Departure aircraft shall use E, D11, C4B, C4A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R.
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 2A, DEP 2B & DEP 2D taxi route for RWY 35L]]
 
===== DEP 2B, DEP 2C, DEP 2D =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 35R
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|-
|2B
|2B
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, C and C5A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, C, C5A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R.
|-
|-
|2C
|2C
|Departure traffic shall use E, D8, C1B and C1A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R
|Departure aircrafts shall use E, D8, C1B, C1A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R.
|-
|2D
|Departure aircrafts shall use E, D11, C4B, C4A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R.
|}
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="665" style="text-align:center">
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 11 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|626x626px|DEP 2B, DEP 2C & DEP 2D taxi route for RWY 35R]]
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2A and DEP 2B
 
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 11 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2B and DEP 2C
===== DEP 2G, DEP 2H =====
</gallery>
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 17L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|2G
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, D, C, C11 taxiways and hold short of RWY 17L.
|-
|2H
|Departure aircraft shall use E, NW, D, C, C11 taxiways and hold short of RWY 17L.
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 12 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|629x629px|DEP 2G & DEP 2H taxi route for RWY 17L]]


===== DEP 2F, DEP 2G, DEP 2H =====
===== DEP 2F, DEP 2G =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 17R
! colspan="2" |RWY 17R
Line 2,246: Line 2,325:
|-
|-
|2F
|2F
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B and B9A taxiways and hold short of RWY 17R
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, D, B, B9A taxiways and hold short of RWY 17R.
|-
|-
|2G
|2G
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, C7B, C and C11 taxiways and hold short of RWY 17L
|Departure aircraft shall use G, N2, D, C, C11 taxiways and hold short of RWY 17L.
|-
|2H
|Departure traffic shall use E, NW, D, C7B, C and C11 taxiways and hold short of RWY 17L
|}
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="665" style="text-align:center">
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 10 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|626x626px|DEP 2F & DEP 2G taxi route for RWY 17R]]
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 10 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2F and DEP 2G
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 12 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2G and DEP 2H
</gallery>


===== DEP 3A, DEP 3B =====
===== DEP 3A, DEP 3B, DEP 3C =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 36
! colspan="2" |RWY 36
Line 2,267: Line 2,340:
|-
|-
|3A
|3A
|Departure traffic shall use E1, D3, E, N1, G and G7A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36
|Departure aircraft shall use E1, D3, E, N1, G, G7A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36.
|-
|-
|3B
|3B
|Departure traffic shall use G and G6A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36
|Departure aircraft shall use G, G6A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36.
|-
|3C
|Departure aircraft shall use F6, G6, G6A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36.
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 13 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|624x624px|DEP 3A and DEP 3B]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 13 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|624x624px|DEP 3A, DEP 3B & DEP 3C taxi route for RWY 36]]


===== DEP 3F, DEP 3G =====
===== DEP 3F, DEP 3G =====
Line 2,282: Line 2,358:
|-
|-
|3F
|3F
|Departure traffic shall use E1, D3, E, N1, G and G7A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36
|Departure traffic shall use E1, D3, E, N1, T2, N3, G, G17 taxiways and hold short of RWY 18.
|-
|-
|3G
|3G
|Departure traffic shall use G and G6A taxiways and hold short of RWY 36
|Departure aircraft shall use G, G17 taxiways and hold short of RWY 18.
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 14 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 3F and DEP 3G]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 14 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 3F and DEP 3G]]
===== DEP 4A =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 09
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|4A
|Departure traffic shall use E1, D3, E, G1, G2B taxiways and hold short of RWY 09.
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 15 en-1.png|center|thumb|381x381px|DEP 4A]]
=== Taxi Speeds ===
=== Taxi Speeds ===
Taxi speeds in Istanbul are determined based on the taxiway length, width, PCN and it's purpose. Pilots should always obey speed rules and follow the instructions. The ATC might warn the pilot if they are going faster than the allowed speed for that taxiway. In addition, under LVP (Low Visibility Procedures) conditions, it is up to the pilot in command to manage the speed and spacing between other ground traffic.[[File:Taxi Speeds.png|thumb|639x639px|center|Chart showing taxi speed limits in LTFM]]
Taxi speeds in Istanbul are determined based on the taxiway length, width, PCN and it's purpose. Pilots should always obey speed rules and follow the instructions. The ATC might warn the pilot if they are going faster than the allowed speed for that taxiway. In addition, under LVP (Low Visibility Procedures) conditions, it is up to the pilot in command to manage the speed and spacing between other ground traffic.
[[File:Taxi Speeds2026.png|center|thumb|639x639px|Chart showing taxi speed limits in LTFM]]
[[File:LTFM GND SECTOR LAYOUT.png|thumb|622x622px|Chart showing the layout and coverage of the sectors and their subsectors]]
[[File:LTFM GND SECTOR LAYOUT.png|thumb|622x622px|Chart showing the layout and coverage of the sectors and their subsectors]]


Line 2,306: Line 2,396:
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |Ground
! colspan="3" |Ground
|-
|LTFM_GND
|Entire airport*
|124.725
|-
|-
|LTFM_W_GND
|LTFM_W_GND
|West half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|West half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|126.825
|126.300
|-
|-
|LTFM_E_GND
|LTFM_E_GND
|East half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|East half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|126.925
|124.425
|-
|LTFM_T_GND
|Terminal Contact Apron
|121.575
|-
|-
|LTFM_TW_GND
|LTFM_TW_GND
|West half of Terminal Contact Apron
|West half of Terminal Contact Apron
|124.925
|121.625
|-
|-
|LTFM_TE_GND
|LTFM_TE_GND
|East half of Terminal Contact Apron
|East half of Terminal Contact Apron
|129.625
|121.825
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |Tower
! colspan="3" |Tower
|-
|-
|LTFM_TWR
|LTFM_C_TWR
|All runways if sub-tower sectors are offline
|130.625
|-
|LTFM_1_TWR
|RWYs 34L/16R and 34R/16L
|RWYs 34L/16R and 34R/16L
|131.100
|118.075
|-
|-
|LTFM_3_TWR
|LTFM_W_TWR
|RWYs 35L/17R and 35R/17L
|RWYs 35L/17R and 35R/17L
|122.700
|131.100
|-
|-
|LTFM_5_TWR
|LTFM_E_TWR
|RWY 36/18
|RWY 36/18
|119.025
|119.025
Line 2,353: Line 2,431:


=== ATIS ===
=== ATIS ===
Istanbul airport utilizes the double ATIS system, which is LTFM_A_ATIS and LTFM_D_ATIS. A ATIS is for arrival, and D is for departures. Depending on your flight, please make sure you listen and obtain the correct ATIS information. In addition, pilots '''must''' get the current ATIS information before calling for clearance. Moreover, in departure ATIS, the airborne frequency is published and every traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately using the "''callsign'', ''sid_designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 4E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, 4E.</blockquote>
Istanbul airport utilizes the double ATIS system, which is LTFM_A_ATIS and LTFM_D_ATIS. A ATIS is for arrival, and D is for departures. Depending on your flight, please make sure you listen and obtain the correct ATIS information. In addition, pilots '''must''' get the current ATIS information before calling for clearance. Moreover, in departure ATIS, the airborne frequency is published and every traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately using the "''callsign'', ''sid & designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 1E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, VADEN 1E.</blockquote>


=== PDC/DCL ===
=== PDC/DCL ===
Line 2,467: Line 2,545:
* When aircraft is at the RWY holding point, pilots should commence line-up and take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is at the RWY holding point, pilots should commence line-up and take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is already lined-up on RWY, pilots should commence take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is already lined-up on RWY, pilots should commence take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* Pilots are expected to react take-off clearances within 10 seconds,
* <u>Pilots are expected to react take-off clearances within 10 seconds</u>,
* Pilots unable to comply with these requirements shall notify ATC before entering the RWY, otherwise ATC may instruct the aircraft to vacate the RWY and re-sequence to prevent excessive RWY occupation.
* Pilots unable to comply with these requirements shall notify ATC before entering the RWY, otherwise ATC may instruct the aircraft to vacate the RWY and re-sequence to prevent excessive RWY occupation.


Line 2,485: Line 2,563:
| rowspan="2" |34L/R
| rowspan="2" |34L/R
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4C
|1C
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4Q*
|1Q*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |35L/R
| rowspan="2" |35L/R
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4D
|1D
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4R*
|1R*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |36
| rowspan="2" |36
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4E
|1E
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4S*
|1S*
|}
|}
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''ASMAP'' SID.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''VICEN'' SID.
|-
|-
!South Config
!South Config
Line 2,518: Line 2,596:
| rowspan="2" |16L/R
| rowspan="2" |16L/R
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4F
|1F
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4T*
|1T*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |17L/R
| rowspan="2" |17L/R
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4G
|1G
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4U*
|1U*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |18
| rowspan="2" |18
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4H
|1H
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4V**
|1V**
|}
|}
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''ASMAP, RATVU'' SIDs.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''VICEN, RATVU'' SIDs.
 
<nowiki>**</nowiki>Only applicable to ''BARPE, IVGUS,'' ''VICEN, RATVU'' SIDs.
|-
!09 Departures
|-
|During 09 Departures Configuration, the following SIDs are used
{| class="wikitable"
!LTFM Arrival Config
!LTFJ Arrival Config
!SID
!
|-
|34L/35R/36 (North)
|North (06)
|1L
|STD
|-
|16R/17L/18 (South)
|South (24)
|1M
|STD
|-
|16R/17L/18 (South)
|North (06)
|1Y
|Opposite
|-
|34L/35R/36 (North)
|South (24)
|1Z
|Opposite
|}
''Please check Istanbul and Sabiha Gokcen arrival config to use''


<nowiki>**</nowiki>Only applicable to ''BARPE, IVGUS,'' ''ASMAP, RATVU'' SIDs.
''correct SID procedure.''
|}
|}
As it can be seen from the table above, if the runway configuration used in Sabiha Gokcen Airport (LTFJ) is in reverse direction, special SID's are used for ASMAP and RATVU (only for south config, for north config it's only for ASMAP).
As it can be seen from the table above, if the runway configuration used in Sabiha Gokcen Airport (LTFJ) is in reverse direction, special SID's are used.


==== North Config ====
==== North Config ====
<gallery widths="300" heights="200">
<gallery widths="300" heights="200">
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAX 4C 4D 4E.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAX 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 03 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, REZOV, IBLAL 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID BARPE IVGUS RATVU 4C 4D 4E.png|BARPE, IVGUS, RATVU 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 04 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP 4C 4D 4E.png|MAKOL, OSMEV, ASMAP 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 05 en-1.png|BARPE, IVGUS, RATVU 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID ASMAP 4Q 4R 4S.png|ASMAP 4Q/4R/4S
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 08 en-1.png|VICEN 1Q/1R/1S (Opposite Config w/ LTFJ)
</gallery>
</gallery>


==== South Config ====
==== South Config ====
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4F.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, IVGUS 4F
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 01 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1F/1G/1H
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4G.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE 4G
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 02 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1F/1G/1H
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4H.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE 4H
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 06 en-1.png|VICEN & RATVU 1T/1U/1V
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4F.png|MAKOL, OSMEV, ASMAP, RATVU 4F
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 07 en-1.png|BARPE & IVGUS 1V
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4G.png|MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4G
</gallery>
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4H.png|MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4F
 
File:LTFM SID ASMAP RATVU 4T 4U 4V.png|ASMAP, RATVU 4T/4U/4V
==== 09 Departures Config ====
File:LTFM SID BARPE IVGUS 4V.png|BARPE, IVGUS 4V
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 16 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1M
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 17 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1M
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 18 en-1.png|VICEN, RATVU, BARPE, IVGUS 1Y (Opposite /w LTFJ)
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 19 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 20 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 21 en-1.png|VICEN 1Z (Opposite /w LTFJ)
</gallery>
</gallery>


=== After Departure ===
=== After Departure ===


Every departure traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately (if LVP is ''not'' in progress) using the "''callsign'' + ''sid_designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 4E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, 4E.</blockquote>We hope you had fun flying to/from Istanbul Airport and we hope to see you again!
Every departure traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately (if LVP is ''not'' in progress) using the "''callsign'' + ''sid & designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 1E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, VADEN 1E.</blockquote>We hope you had fun flying to/from Istanbul Airport and we hope to see you again!


== VFR in Istanbul TMA ==
== VFR in Istanbul TMA ==
You can find the VFR chart for Istanbul TMA showing the VFR routings, VFR waypoints, training areas below. If you have any questions regarding this, you can reach out to our Air Traffic, Operation and Navigation department by opening a ticket.
You can find the VFR chart for Istanbul TMA showing the VFR routings, VFR waypoints, training areas below. If you have any questions regarding this, you can reach out to our Air Traffic, Operation and Navigation department by opening a ticket.
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM VFR en-1.png|center|thumb|803x803px|Istanbul TMA VFR Chart]]


== Feedback and Updates ==
== Feedback and Updates ==
If you have any feedback, comments, suggestions or improvements regarding this page, please [https://ticket.trvacc.net/ open a ticket].
If you have any feedback, comments, suggestions or improvements regarding this page, please [https://support.vatsim.tr/ open a ticket].
== References ==
== References ==
<references />
<references />
Retrieved from "https://wiki.vatsim.tr/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/261...413"