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Istanbul Airport (view source)

Revision as of 09:31, 30 January 2023

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(added remaining pushback procedures, added taxi routes information, added ARR 1A)
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Istanbul Airport (IATA: IST, ICAO: LTFM) is the biggest airport in Turkiye. Located in north west of Istanbul, the airport is the busiest and biggest airport in Europe as per 2022 statistics of EuroControl<ref>https://www.eurocontrol.int/publication/eurocontrol-comprehensive-aviation-assessment-archive-2022</ref>. The airport has 5 runways, fuel farm, dedicated cargo area consisting of 5 apron (29 heavy stands), several warehouses and facilities (biggest one being Turkish Cargo followed by DHL and UPS), and is home to world's biggest airport terminal (under one roof).  
Istanbul Airport (IATA: IST, ICAO: LTFM) is the biggest airport in Turkiye. Located in north west of Istanbul, the airport is the busiest and biggest airport in Europe as per 2022 statistics of EuroControl<ref>https://www.eurocontrol.int/publication/eurocontrol-comprehensive-aviation-assessment-archive-2022</ref>. The airport has 5 runways, fuel farm, dedicated cargo area consisting of 5 apron (29 heavy stands), several warehouses and facilities (biggest one being Turkish Cargo followed by DHL and UPS), and is home to world's biggest airport terminal (under one roof).  


The airport has not been completed. As of January 2023, only Phase 1a and 1b is finished. The final phase of the airport includes 8 runways, 2 terminals with 1 satellite terminal.   
The airport has not been completed. As of January 2023, only Phase 1a and 1b is finished. The final phase of the airport includes 8 runways, 2 terminals with 1 satellite terminal with up to 200 million passenger/year capacity.   
[[File:Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout.png|thumb|Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout]]
[[File:Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout.png|thumb|Istanbul Airport Current and Planned Layout]]


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File:RILEX RIXEN2B.png|RILEX 2B and RIXEN 2B
File:RILEX RIXEN2B.png|RILEX 2B and RIXEN 2B
File:RIXEN2P ATPIX2B.png|RIXEN 2P and ATPIX 2B
File:RIXEN2P ATPIX2B.png|RIXEN 2P and ATPIX 2B
</gallery>
</gallery>[[File:Image.png|thumb|ILS-X 35R Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)|335x335px]]
 
=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
[[File:Image.png|thumb|ILS-X 35R Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)]]
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition''' . For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''DIVDI''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''If ATC clears the traffic for ILS-X 35R via IMREN transition, it is pilot's responsibility to fly ILS-X approach via IMREN transition'''. Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically. You can see an example of how ILS-X and ILS-Z transition differs from the pictures below (you can see they are both laterally and vertically different).[[File:ILS-Z 35R TRANSITION2.png|thumb|ILS-Z Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)|335x335px]]
[[File:ILS-Z 35R TRANSITION2.png|thumb|ILS-Z Approach (showing both IMREN and SADIK transition)]]
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition''' . For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''DIVDI''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''If ATC clears the traffic for ILS-X 35R via IMREN transition, it is pilot's responsibility to fly ILS-X approach via IMREN transition'''. Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically. You can see an example of how ILS-X and ILS-Z transition differs from the pictures below (you can see they are both laterally and vertically different).
 
== Ground Layout ==
== Ground Layout ==
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
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|36/18
|36/18
|}
|}
As it can be seen, -1* routes are for runways 34L/16R, -2* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R) and -3* routes are for 36/18 runway.
As it can be seen, -1* routes are for runways 34L/16R, -2* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R) and -3* routes are for 36/18 runway. The different colors on the charts represent the taxi speed for that taxiway. Next section shows the taxi speeds for the airport.


==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====
==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====


===== ARR 1A =====
===== ARR 1A =====
<gallery widths="480" heights="666">
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 34L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 34L (Crossing the RWY 16L/34R is subject to Red Stop-Bars and ATC permission), shall use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 16R (Crossing the RWY 16L/34R is subject to Red Stop-Bars and ATC permission), shall use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="666" style="text-align:center">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 01 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 34L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 01 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 34L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 02 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 16R
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 02 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 16R
</gallery>
</gallery>
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 02 en 2022-03-24.png|none|thumb|460x460px|Diagram showing ARR 1A taxi route for RWY 16R]]
 
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 01 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|Diagram showing ARR 1A Taxi route for RWY 34L]]
===== ARR 2A, ARR 2B, ARR 2C, ARR 2D, ARR 2E =====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="2" |RWY 35L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|2A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways, C, N5, T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|2B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|2C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
|2D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N1, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|2E
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 35R, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
! colspan="2" |RWY 17L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|2A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5 and T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|2B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5 and T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway.
|-
|2C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|-
|2D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N1, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway.
|-
|2E
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 17L, shall use taxiways C, N5, T9, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|}
<gallery widths="460" heights="688" style="text-align:center">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 03 en 2022-03-24.png|RWY 35R
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 04 en 2022-04-21.png|RWY 17L
</gallery>
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 05 en 2022-03-24.png|thumb|567x567px|Arrival taxi routes for RWY 36]]
 
===== ARR 3A, ARR 3B, ARR 3C, ARR 3D =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 36
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|3A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4 and T3 and hold short of N2 taxiway
|-
|3B
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4 and T9 and hold short of N2 taxiway
|-
|3C
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N3 and F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|-
|3D
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 36, shall use taxiways G, N4, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway
|}
 
===== ARR 3F, ARR 3G, ARR 3H =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 18
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|3F
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G, N2, D and B and hold short of A3 taxiway
|-
|3G
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiways G and N4 and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|-
|3H
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 18, shall use taxiway F and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 06 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|652x652px|Arrival taxi routes ARR 3F, ARR 3G, ARR 3H for RWY 18]]
 
==== Departure Taxi Routes ====
 
===== DEP 1A =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 34L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|1A
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, E1D, A1 and A1B taxiways and hold short of RWY 34R
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 07 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|626x626px|DEP 1A taxi route for RWY 34L]]
 
===== DEP 1F =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|1F
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B, A7, A and A10B taxiways and hold short of RWY 16L
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 08 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 1F taxi route for RWY 16R]]
 
===== DEP 2A, DEP 2B, DEP 2C =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 35L
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|2A
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, D, B and B4A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35L
|-
|2B
|Departure traffic shall use G, N2, C and C5A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R
|-
|2C
|Departure traffic shall use E, D8, C1B and C1A taxiways and hold short of RWY 35R
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="665" style="text-align:center">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2A and DEP 2B
File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 11 en 2022-03-24.png|DEP 2B and DEP 2C
</gallery>
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|624x624px|DEP 2A and DEP 2B taxi routes for RWY 35L]]
 
=== Taxi Speeds ===
<references />
<references />
[[Category:Airports]]
[[Category:Airports]]
Trvacc
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