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|-
|-
|When RWYCC is reported at least 5 for any each runway third
|When RWYCC is reported at least 5 for any each runway third
(worse than dry, low braking  
(worse than dry, low braking)
|5 KT (included)
|5 KT (included)
|}
|}
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=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
=== Transitions and Approach Phase ===
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition'''. For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'' and ''NEWPE'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''ULQAL'' and ''GAZGE''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''Each pilot is responsible for selecting and flying the correct transition whether ATC is online or not.''' Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically.
As mentioned previously, Istanbul Airport utilizes Point-Merge System. Each PMS leads to last point of the STAR and '''the entry point of the approach transition'''. For northern config, IAF for west PMS is ''IMREN'' and ''NEWPE'', for east config it is ''SADIK''. For south config, IAF for west PMS is ''INSTA'' and for east PMS it is ''ULQAL'' and ''GAZGE''. '''Flying the correct transition is crucial and must'''. Each pilot is responsible for selecting the correct transition. This transition is '''NOT a STAR''' transition but transition for the approach procedure. There are different approach procedures and each has different transition phase (both laterally and vertically), go  
[[File:SOUTH TRS1.png|thumb|335x335px|ILS-Z South Config Approach (showing INSTA, ULQAL and GAZGE transitions)]]
[[File:SOUTH TRS1.png|thumb|335x335px|ILS-Z South Config Approach (showing INSTA, ULQAL and GAZGE transitions)]]around procedure and used differently to streamline the independent parallel approach procedure . As a pilot, you must make sure you have programmed your FMS using the correct approach procedure and transition. '''Each pilot is responsible for selecting and flying the correct transition whether ATC is online or not.''' Since transitions are a must as they play a crucial role in the independent parallel approach procedure, pilot's must fly the transition both laterally and vertically at all times. If the transition is not selected correctly in the aircraft's FMS, the plane will fly directly to FAF, skipping the transition completely. This is not allowed for approach procedure into Istanbul as each approach procedure and transition is very different than one another, both laterally and vertically.
 
== Ground Layout ==
== Ground Layout ==
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
Istanbul airport is on the list of biggest airports as per surface area, with staggering 76.5 million m<sup>2</sup> of land area. The airport has 5 runways, 34L/16R, 34R/16L, 35L/17R, 35R/17L and 36/18. Between RWYs 34 and 35, the main MRO and cargo area can be found. Between RWY 35 and 36, main passenger terminal and the stands can be found. Most gates and stands utilize MARS (Multiple Aircraft Ramp System). This increases the efficiency and gate usage significantly. With the MARS system, one gate can be shared by either 2 small to medium aircraft or 1 heavy (widebody) aircraft. In Istanbul Airport, MARS system uses L (as left) and R (as right) abbreviations for medium/split gates. For instance B4 gate is used by either 1 heavy aircraft or 2 medium aircrafts use B4L (Gate B 4 Left) and B4R (Gate B 4 Right).
Line 303: Line 302:
Each gate/stand in Istanbul Airport has published standard and alternative pushback procedure. These procedures increase efficiency of the aprons, gates, ground movements and streamline the traffic flow through out the airport. You might see abbreviations such as '''PSN'''. There are "Pushback Positions" which act as point where aircraft should pushback to.
Each gate/stand in Istanbul Airport has published standard and alternative pushback procedure. These procedures increase efficiency of the aprons, gates, ground movements and streamline the traffic flow through out the airport. You might see abbreviations such as '''PSN'''. There are "Pushback Positions" which act as point where aircraft should pushback to.
[[File:Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of A Pier - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures of Southwest Area - Alternative|388x388px]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard]]
[[File:Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard.png|thumb|Pushback Procedures for A9-A10-A11 Gates - Standard]]


Line 2,116: Line 2,115:
| -3*
| -3*
|36/18
|36/18
|-
| -4*
|09
|}
|}
As it can be seen, -1* routes are for runways 34L/16R, -2* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R) and -3* routes are for 36/18 runway. The different colors on the charts represent the taxi speed for that taxiway. Next section shows the taxi speeds for the airport.
As it can be seen, '''-1'''* routes are for runways 34L/16R, '''-2'''* routes are for 35/17 runways (L/R), '''-3'''* routes are for 36/18 runways, and '''-4'''* routes are for runway 09. The different colors on the charts represent the taxi speed for that taxiway. The next section shows the taxi speeds for the airport.


==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====
==== Arrival Taxi Routes ====
Line 2,129: Line 2,131:
|-
|-
|1A
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 34L shall cross 34R and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 34L shall cross 34R and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold short of NW taxiway.
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
! colspan="2" |RWY 16R
Line 2,137: Line 2,139:
|-
|-
|1A
|1A
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 16R, shall cross 16L and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold position at clearance limit given by ATC.
|Arrival traffic vacating RWY 16R, shall cross 16L and use taxiways A, A3, E1, D3, E and hold short of NW taxiway.
|}
|}
<gallery widths="480" heights="666" style="text-align:center">
<gallery widths="480" heights="666" style="text-align:center">
Line 2,281: Line 2,283:
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 2A, DEP 2B & DEP 2D taxi route for RWY 35L]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 09 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 2A, DEP 2B & DEP 2D taxi route for RWY 35L]]
'''DEP 2B, DEP 2C, DEP 2D'''
 
===== DEP 2B, DEP 2C, DEP 2D =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 35R
! colspan="2" |RWY 35R
Line 2,313: Line 2,316:
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 12 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|629x629px|DEP 2G & DEP 2H taxi route for RWY 17L]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 12 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|629x629px|DEP 2G & DEP 2H taxi route for RWY 17L]]
'''DEP 2F, DEP 2G'''
 
===== DEP 2F, DEP 2G =====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 17R
! colspan="2" |RWY 17R
Line 2,360: Line 2,364:
|}
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 14 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 3F and DEP 3G]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 14 en 2022-03-24.png|center|thumb|625x625px|DEP 3F and DEP 3G]]
===== DEP 4A =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |RWY 09
|-
!Procedure
!Description
|-
|4A
|Departure traffic shall use E1, D3, E, G1, G2B taxiways and hold short of RWY 09.
|}
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM GMC 15 en-1.png|center|thumb|381x381px|DEP 4A]]
=== Taxi Speeds ===
=== Taxi Speeds ===
Taxi speeds in Istanbul are determined based on the taxiway length, width, PCN and it's purpose. Pilots should always obey speed rules and follow the instructions. The ATC might warn the pilot if they are going faster than the allowed speed for that taxiway. In addition, under LVP (Low Visibility Procedures) conditions, it is up to the pilot in command to manage the speed and spacing between other ground traffic.[[File:Taxi Speeds.png|thumb|639x639px|center|Chart showing taxi speed limits in LTFM]]
Taxi speeds in Istanbul are determined based on the taxiway length, width, PCN and it's purpose. Pilots should always obey speed rules and follow the instructions. The ATC might warn the pilot if they are going faster than the allowed speed for that taxiway. In addition, under LVP (Low Visibility Procedures) conditions, it is up to the pilot in command to manage the speed and spacing between other ground traffic.
[[File:Taxi Speeds2026.png|center|thumb|639x639px|Chart showing taxi speed limits in LTFM]]
[[File:LTFM GND SECTOR LAYOUT.png|thumb|622x622px|Chart showing the layout and coverage of the sectors and their subsectors]]
[[File:LTFM GND SECTOR LAYOUT.png|thumb|622x622px|Chart showing the layout and coverage of the sectors and their subsectors]]


Line 2,378: Line 2,396:
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |Ground
! colspan="3" |Ground
|-
|LTFM_GND
|Entire airport*
|124.725
|-
|-
|LTFM_W_GND
|LTFM_W_GND
|West half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|West half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|126.825
|126.300
|-
|-
|LTFM_E_GND
|LTFM_E_GND
|East half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|East half of the airport (if the airport was split in half)
|126.925
|124.425
|-
|LTFM_T_GND
|Terminal Contact Apron
|121.575
|-
|-
|LTFM_TW_GND
|LTFM_TW_GND
|West half of Terminal Contact Apron
|West half of Terminal Contact Apron
|124.925
|121.625
|-
|-
|LTFM_TE_GND
|LTFM_TE_GND
|East half of Terminal Contact Apron
|East half of Terminal Contact Apron
|129.625
|121.825
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |Tower
! colspan="3" |Tower
|-
|-
|LTFM_TWR
|LTFM_C_TWR
|All runways if sub-tower sectors are offline
|130.625
|-
|LTFM_1_TWR
|RWYs 34L/16R and 34R/16L
|RWYs 34L/16R and 34R/16L
|131.100
|118.075
|-
|-
|LTFM_3_TWR
|LTFM_W_TWR
|RWYs 35L/17R and 35R/17L
|RWYs 35L/17R and 35R/17L
|122.700
|131.100
|-
|-
|LTFM_5_TWR
|LTFM_E_TWR
|RWY 36/18
|RWY 36/18
|119.025
|119.025
Line 2,425: Line 2,431:


=== ATIS ===
=== ATIS ===
Istanbul airport utilizes the double ATIS system, which is LTFM_A_ATIS and LTFM_D_ATIS. A ATIS is for arrival, and D is for departures. Depending on your flight, please make sure you listen and obtain the correct ATIS information. In addition, pilots '''must''' get the current ATIS information before calling for clearance. Moreover, in departure ATIS, the airborne frequency is published and every traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately using the "''callsign'', ''sid_designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 4E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, 4E.</blockquote>
Istanbul airport utilizes the double ATIS system, which is LTFM_A_ATIS and LTFM_D_ATIS. A ATIS is for arrival, and D is for departures. Depending on your flight, please make sure you listen and obtain the correct ATIS information. In addition, pilots '''must''' get the current ATIS information before calling for clearance. Moreover, in departure ATIS, the airborne frequency is published and every traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately using the "''callsign'', ''sid & designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 1E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, VADEN 1E.</blockquote>


=== PDC/DCL ===
=== PDC/DCL ===
Line 2,539: Line 2,545:
* When aircraft is at the RWY holding point, pilots should commence line-up and take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is at the RWY holding point, pilots should commence line-up and take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is already lined-up on RWY, pilots should commence take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* When aircraft is already lined-up on RWY, pilots should commence take off roll immediately after take-off clearance is issued by ATC,
* Pilots are expected to react take-off clearances within 10 seconds,
* <u>Pilots are expected to react take-off clearances within 10 seconds</u>,
* Pilots unable to comply with these requirements shall notify ATC before entering the RWY, otherwise ATC may instruct the aircraft to vacate the RWY and re-sequence to prevent excessive RWY occupation.
* Pilots unable to comply with these requirements shall notify ATC before entering the RWY, otherwise ATC may instruct the aircraft to vacate the RWY and re-sequence to prevent excessive RWY occupation.


Line 2,557: Line 2,563:
| rowspan="2" |34L/R
| rowspan="2" |34L/R
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4C
|1C
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4Q*
|1Q*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |35L/R
| rowspan="2" |35L/R
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4D
|1D
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4R*
|1R*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |36
| rowspan="2" |36
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4E
|1E
|-
|-
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4S*
|1S*
|}
|}
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''ASMAP'' SID.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''VICEN'' SID.
|-
|-
!South Config
!South Config
Line 2,590: Line 2,596:
| rowspan="2" |16L/R
| rowspan="2" |16L/R
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4F
|1F
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4T*
|1T*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |17L/R
| rowspan="2" |17L/R
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4G
|1G
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4U*
|1U*
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |18
| rowspan="2" |18
|South (24)
|South (24)
|4H
|1H
|-
|-
|North (06)
|North (06)
|4V**
|1V**
|}
|}
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''
''Check Sabiha Gokcen config to use correct SID procedure.''


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''ASMAP, RATVU'' SIDs.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Only applicable to ''VICEN, RATVU'' SIDs.


<nowiki>**</nowiki>Only applicable to ''BARPE, IVGUS,'' ''ASMAP, RATVU'' SIDs.
<nowiki>**</nowiki>Only applicable to ''BARPE, IVGUS,'' ''VICEN, RATVU'' SIDs.
|-
!09 Departures
|-
|During 09 Departures Configuration, the following SIDs are used
{| class="wikitable"
!LTFM Arrival Config
!LTFJ Arrival Config
!SID
!
|-
|34L/35R/36 (North)
|North (06)
|1L
|STD
|-
|16R/17L/18 (South)
|South (24)
|1M
|STD
|-
|16R/17L/18 (South)
|North (06)
|1Y
|Opposite
|-
|34L/35R/36 (North)
|South (24)
|1Z
|Opposite
|}
|}
As it can be seen from the table above, if the runway configuration used in Sabiha Gokcen Airport (LTFJ) is in reverse direction, special SID's are used for ASMAP and RATVU (only for south config, for north config it's only for ASMAP).
''Please check Istanbul and Sabiha Gokcen arrival config to use''
 
''correct SID procedure.''
|}
As it can be seen from the table above, if the runway configuration used in Sabiha Gokcen Airport (LTFJ) is in reverse direction, special SID's are used.


==== North Config ====
==== North Config ====
<gallery widths="300" heights="200">
<gallery widths="300" heights="200">
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAX 4C 4D 4E.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAX 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 03 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, REZOV, IBLAL 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID BARPE IVGUS RATVU 4C 4D 4E.png|BARPE, IVGUS, RATVU 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 04 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP 4C 4D 4E.png|MAKOL, OSMEV, ASMAP 4C/4D/4E
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 05 en-1.png|BARPE, IVGUS, RATVU 1C/1D/1E
File:LTFM SID ASMAP 4Q 4R 4S.png|ASMAP 4Q/4R/4S
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 08 en-1.png|VICEN 1Q/1R/1S (Opposite Config w/ LTFJ)
</gallery>
</gallery>


==== South Config ====
==== South Config ====
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4F.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, IVGUS 4F
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 01 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1F/1G/1H
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4G.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE 4G
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 02 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1F/1G/1H
File:LTFM SID VADEN TUDBU IBLAL BARPE IVGUS 4H.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE 4H
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 06 en-1.png|VICEN & RATVU 1T/1U/1V
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4F.png|MAKOL, OSMEV, ASMAP, RATVU 4F
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 07 en-1.png|BARPE & IVGUS 1V
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4G.png|MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4G
</gallery>
File:LTFM SID MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4H.png|MAKOL OSMEV ASMAP RATVU 4F
 
File:LTFM SID ASMAP RATVU 4T 4U 4V.png|ASMAP, RATVU 4T/4U/4V
==== 09 Departures Config ====
File:LTFM SID BARPE IVGUS 4V.png|BARPE, IVGUS 4V
<gallery widths="200" heights="280">
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 16 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1M
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 17 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1M
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 18 en-1.png|VICEN, RATVU, BARPE, IVGUS 1Y (Opposite /w LTFJ)
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 19 en-1.png|VADEN, TUDBU, IBLAL, BARPE, IVGUS, REZOV 1L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 20 en-1.png|MAKOL, EKAWE, VICEN, RATVU 1L
File:LT AD 2 LTFM SID 21 en-1.png|VICEN 1Z (Opposite /w LTFJ)
</gallery>
</gallery>


=== After Departure ===
=== After Departure ===


Every departure traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately (if LVP is ''not'' in progress) using the "''callsign'' + ''sid_designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 4E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, 4E.</blockquote>We hope you had fun flying to/from Istanbul Airport and we hope to see you again!
Every departure traffic '''''must''''' contact departure frequency immediately (if LVP is ''not'' in progress) using the "''callsign'' + ''sid & designator''" phraseology. For instance THY123 is a traffic departing from runway 36 and is on VADEN 1E SID, correct phraseology would be:<blockquote>xxx hello, Turkish 123, VADEN 1E.</blockquote>We hope you had fun flying to/from Istanbul Airport and we hope to see you again!


== VFR in Istanbul TMA ==
== VFR in Istanbul TMA ==
You can find the VFR chart for Istanbul TMA showing the VFR routings, VFR waypoints, training areas below. If you have any questions regarding this, you can reach out to our Air Traffic, Operation and Navigation department by opening a ticket.
You can find the VFR chart for Istanbul TMA showing the VFR routings, VFR waypoints, training areas below. If you have any questions regarding this, you can reach out to our Air Traffic, Operation and Navigation department by opening a ticket.
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM VFR en 2024-02-22.jpg|center|thumb|803x803px|Istanbul TMA VFR Chart]]
[[File:LT AD 2 LTFM VFR en-1.png|center|thumb|803x803px|Istanbul TMA VFR Chart]]


== Feedback and Updates ==
== Feedback and Updates ==
Retrieved from "https://wiki.vatsim.tr/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/367...413"